Search results for " organised crime"
showing 10 items of 13 documents
The notion of Organised Crime in eu law
2017
The contribution consider, first, the original multiplicity of national legislative solutions with respect to the crucial issue of ‘punishability’ of criminal organisations; then, identify the common standards under european harmonisation legislation, along with their respective characteristics and problems, in order to finally assess the most recent situation and the effectiveness of EU action in this area. A more general consideration on the nature of harmonisation in this area serve as background: what is at stake is not so much a rule (of EU law), but rather an actual principle (of EU law). As such, it cannot be evaluated in absolute terms of success or failure, of either standards rigi…
Resíduos sólidos e crime de poluição: avanços e retrocessos na legislação e na jurisprudência italianas
2020
O presente artigo apresenta a evolução normativa e jurisprudencial envolvendo crimes de poluição por resíduos sólidos na Itália, país que possui tradição no trato de condutas ilícitas ligadas à denominada Ecomáfia. A pesquisa foi orientada pelo método funcionalista e as técnicas de pesquisa utilizadas foram bibliográfica e jurisprudencial. Embora a evolução da legislação penal ambiental na Itália tenha focado mais a questão dos resíduos do que o Brasil, observam-se dificuldades em comum, como a deficiência na apuração dos crimes, a demora nos julgamentos com a consequente possibilidade de reconhecimento da prescrição e as falhas da legislação que permitem aos infratores evitar as condenaçõe…
Women and transnational organized crime: the ambiguous case of the italian Mafias
2022
This chapter examines the transformation of the roles of women in Italian organized crime groups. Starting from a comparative analysis of the way in which – over time – the different manifestations of female power and male domination in certain organized crime groups (Cosa Nostra and others) have changed, we seek to understand what female power is in these contexts and what are the circumstances which make it legitimate and visible, what are the different modalities in which it expresses itself over time, in different locations and criminal contexts. The studies of women’s roles in mafias have shown how, over time, these have changed, particularly in terms of their ‘visibility’. Over the la…
Un racconto allo specchio. la costruzione del mito mafioso attraverso le sue immagini
2009
Using now the cultural models, now those of organizational and structural theories, the Cosa Nostra studies risk sometimes to achieve results spoiled by approximation and partiality. If we want to deepen the research on the impact that the media representation of the mafia produces within the criminal context or in the social construction of the phenomenon, it is essential to use tools able to frame the issue in its complexity. With this background, the paper reviews some relevant cases which clearly show how information, literature, cinematography help to give shape and strength to criminal organization: from the journalistic investigations on the "Provenzano case”, to the television seria…
Proposal for a computer-assisted analysis of lawful interceptions of communication
2016
This paper presents the potential for the analysis of texts when applied to interceptions carried out with the help of next-generation software. In order to do this, after a brief explanation of some of the main procedures, the article presents the results of an investigation into text data extracted from wiretapping and in-person conversations found in judicial documents. The amount of data, obtained through wiretapping and the use of bugs, has made it possible to gather important information about the dynamics that characterise how criminal organisations work. The use of wiretaps and bugs are, therefore, vital tools without which it would undoubtedly not have been possible to achieve the …
The cost of protection racket in Sicily
2008
The purpose of this paper is to estimate the current cost of protection rackets in Sicily. By means of a database constructed on judicial evidence, it has been possible to come up with an estimate of the average and total costs of the protection-money system, as well as finding out in which sectors of economic activity and in which provinces is most pervasive. The average monthly payment is approximately 600 euros per business, with stronger effects in those areas with a relatively more traditional economic structure. As a whole, in monetary terms, the protection racket in Sicily accounts for over 1.4% of gross regional product. Finally, the paper supports the hypothesis that in most cases,…
Taking care of everyone’s business: interpreting Sicilian Mafia embedment through spatial network analysis
2022
Mafia-type organisations often have a strong geographical and cultural entrenchment in the territory they belong. However, their analysis as a spatially networked social structure is still missing. A combined socio-spatial network analysis is presented here, through the demise of a large police operation called Operazione Perseo in 2008. This approach is developed in two ways. At first, a visual representation of the social network of this large group of mafiosi embedded in a geographical space is presented. Three main salient territorial features of the network are thus highlighted. A high density of links in some neighbourhoods, as well as connections across different Mandamenti, the terr…
Droghe leggere e criminalità organizzata: una relazione problematica
2022
Il contributo analizza il tema dei rapporti tra trattamento penale delle droghe c.d. “leggere” e contrasto alla criminalità organizzata dedita al narcotraffico, con riguardo all’ordinamento europeo, internazionale e di alcuni Paesi dell’UE (Spagna, Portogallo, Grecia, Germania e Italia). Seguendo un approccio di tipo integrato, all’analisi del dato normativo si affianca la descrizione della fenomenologia dei traffici e la valutazione dei primi effetti che le riforme antiproibizioniste entrate in vigore in alcuni ordinamenti del Nord e del Sud America hanno prodotto sul fronte del mercato illecito. Il fine è di evidenziare i punti di forza e di debolezza dei modelli di depenalizzazione, tene…
Il traffico di beni culturali: un caso studio delle distorsioni e dei limiti nel contrasto ai traffici illeciti
2021
La normativa penale italiana di contrasto al traffico di beni culturali presenta ad oggi diversi profili di criticità, a fronte del prosperare del fenomeno delittuoso e dell’indiscutibile rilievo costituzionale del bene protetto. La revisione della disciplina, per quanto necessaria, non può però assumere i contenuti della proposta di riforma attualmente pendente in Senato. Infatti, questa, come accade nel caso degli altri commerci illegali, risente eccessivamente dell’influenza della normativa in tema di organizzazioni criminali, presentandosi come una mera appendice della stessa. L’A. in questo contributo, dopo aver ricostruito la disciplina penale di riferimento, evidenzia piuttosto l’esi…